1
0
Fork 0
doc/main/text/man-structure.en.tm

116 lines
5.2 KiB
Tcl

<TeXmacs|1.99.13>
<style|<tuple|tmdoc|english|old-spacing|old-dots|old-lengths>>
<\body>
<tmdoc-title|Typing structured text>
Usually, long documents have a structure: they are organized in chapters,
sections and subsections, they contain different types of text, such as
regular text, citations, footnotes, theorems, etc. After selecting a
<def-index|document style> in <menu|Document|Style>, <TeXmacs> takes care
of specific layout issues, such as numbering of sections, pages, theorems,
typesetting citations and footnotes in a nice way and so on.
Currently, several standard document styles have been implemented:
<tmstyle|generic>, <tmstyle|article>, <tmstyle|book>, <tmstyle|letter>,
<tmstyle|exam>, <tmstyle|beamer>, <tmstyle|seminar>, <tmstyle|source>. For
instance, the article style can be used for writing articles. Besides,
there are styles for common journals and special purposes, such as the
<TeXmacs> documentation.
As soon as you have selected a document style, you can organize your text
into sections (see <menu|Insert|Section>) and use specific
<def-index|environments> (also called <em|tags>). Examples of environments
are theorem, proposition, remark and so on (see <menu|Insert|Enunciation>).
Other examples are lists of items (see <menu|Insert|Itemize>) or numbered
lists (see <menu|Insert|Enumerate>). Further examples of frequently used
tags are <markup|strong> (for writing \Pimportant\Q text), <markup|name>
(for writing names of persons), etc.
When you get more acquainted with <TeXmacs>, it is possible to add your own
new environments in your own style file. Assume for instance that you often
make citations and that you want those to appear in italic, with left and
right margins of 1cm. Instead of manually changing the text and paragraph
properties each time you make a citation, it is better to create a citation
environment. Not only it will be faster to create a new citation when doing
so, but it is also possible to systematically change the layout of your
citations throughout the document just by changing the definition of the
citation environment. The latter situation occurs for instance if you
discover <with|font-shape|italic|a posteriori> that you prefer the
citations to appear in a smaller font.
There are a few general editing principles which make it easy to manipulate
structured documents using <TeXmacs>. One major concept is the <em|current
focus>, which is best illustrated on an example. Assume that we are in the
process of entering a classical theorem:
<\quote-env>
The following theorem is due to <name|Euler>:
<\big-envbox>
<\theorem>
<small-focus|<math|\<mathe\><rsup|\<mathpi\>*\<mathi\>>=\<um\>1<math-cursor>>>.
</theorem>
</big-envbox>
</quote-env>
At the position of the cursor, the grey and cyan boxes indicate the active
tags: in this case, the cursor is both inside a theorem and a formula. The
innermost active tag (the formula <math|\<mathe\><rsup|\<mathpi\>*\<mathi\>>=\<um\>1>
in our example) is surrounded by a cyan box and called the <em|current
focus>.
The contents of the <menu|Focus> menu and <em|focus toolbar> (the lowest
toolbar) are highly context dependent and determined as a function of the
current focus. In our example, the focus toolbar contains a<nbsp>popup menu
button <menu|Formula>; when selecting <menu|Equation> in this menu, the
text will change into
<\quote-env>
The following theorem is due to <name|Euler>:
<\big-envbox>
<\theorem>
\;
<\big-focus>
<\equation*>
\<mathe\><rsup|\<mathpi\>*\<mathi\>>=\<um\>1<math-cursor>.
</equation*>
</big-focus>
</theorem>
</big-envbox>
</quote-env>
Similarly, the arrow buttons on the left hand side of the focus toolbar
allow you to jump to similar tags. In this case, they will allow you to
quickly traverse all formulas and equations in your document. For more
information on \P<hlink|structured editing
operations|../editing/man-structured-editing.en.tm>\Q we refer to the
chapter on <hlink|editing tools|../editing/man-editing-tools.en.tm>.
A second important concept is the <em|current editing mode>. Currently,
there are five major modes: text mode, mathematics mode, program mode,
graphics mode and source mode. In principle, the current mode can be
determined from the current focus, but the mode is likely to change less
often than the focus. The <em|mode dependent toolbar> above the focus
toolbar contains several buttons which are useful in the current mode. The
contents of the <menu|Insert> and <menu|Format> menus are also mode
dependent.
<tmdoc-copyright|1998\U2020|Joris van der Hoeven>
<tmdoc-license|Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
Documentation License".>
</body>
<\initial>
<\collection>
<associate|preamble|false>
</collection>
</initial>