mirror of https://github.com/texmacs/doc.git
151 lines
7.9 KiB
Tcl
151 lines
7.9 KiB
Tcl
<TeXmacs|1.0.7.6>
|
||
|
||
<style|tmdoc>
|
||
|
||
<\body>
|
||
<tmdoc-title|Notes for users of Cyrillic languages>
|
||
|
||
In order to type Russian (and similarly for other Cyrillic languages) text,
|
||
you have several options:
|
||
|
||
<\itemize>
|
||
<item>Select Russian as your default language in
|
||
<menu|Edit|Preferences|Language|Russian>. If \ <TeXmacs> starts with
|
||
Russian menus, then this is done automatically if the Russian locale is
|
||
set.
|
||
|
||
<item>Select Russian for an entire document using
|
||
<menu|Document|Language|Russian>.
|
||
|
||
<item>Select Russian for a portion of text in another document using
|
||
<menu|Format|Language|Russian>.
|
||
</itemize>
|
||
|
||
If your X server uses the xkb extension, and is instructed to switch
|
||
between the Latin and Russian keyboard modes, you need not do anything
|
||
special. Just switch your keyboard to the Russian mode, and go ahead. All
|
||
the software needed for this is included in modern Linux distributions, and
|
||
the xkb extension is enabled by default in
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|XF86Config>. With the xkb extension, keysyms are
|
||
2-byte, and Russian letters are at 0x6??. The keyboard is configured by
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|setxkbmap>. When X starts, it issues this command with
|
||
the system-wide <with|font-family|tt|Xkbmap> file (usually living in
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|/etc/X11/xinit>), if it exists; and then with the
|
||
user's <with|font-family|tt|~/.Xkbmap>, if it exists. A typical
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|~/.Xkbmap> may look like
|
||
|
||
<verbatim| \ \ \ ru basic grp:shift_toggle>
|
||
|
||
This means that the keyboard mode is toggled by <render-key|l-shift
|
||
r-shift>. Other popular choices are <prefix|C-S-> or <prefix|A-C->, see
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/> for more details. This is the
|
||
preferred keyboard setup for modern Linux systems, if you plan to use
|
||
Russian often.
|
||
|
||
In older Linux systems, the xkb extension is often disabled. Keysyms are
|
||
1-byte, and are configured by <with|font-family|tt|xmodmap>. When X starts,
|
||
it issues this command with the system-wide <with|font-family|tt|Xmodmap>
|
||
(usually living in <with|font-family|tt|/etc/X11/xinit>), if it exists; and
|
||
then with the user's <with|font-family|tt|~/.Xmodmap>, if it exists. You
|
||
can configure the mode toggling key combination, and use a 1-byte Russian
|
||
encoding (such as koi8-r) in the Russian mode. It is easier to download the
|
||
package <with|font-family|tt|xruskb>, and just run
|
||
|
||
<verbatim| \ \ \ xrus jcuken-koi8>
|
||
|
||
at the beginning of your X session. This sets the layout jcuken (see below)
|
||
and the encoding koi8-r for your keyboard in the Russian mode. If you use
|
||
such keyboard setup, you should select Options
|
||
<with|mode|math|\<rightarrow\>> international keyboard
|
||
<with|mode|math|\<rightarrow\>> russian <with|mode|math|\<rightarrow\>>
|
||
koi8-r.
|
||
|
||
It is also possible to use the Windows cp1251 encoding instead of koi8-r,
|
||
though this is rarely done in UNIX. If you do use <with|font-family|tt|xrus
|
||
jcuken-cp1251>, select cp1251 instead of koi8-r.
|
||
|
||
All the methods described above require some special actions to ``russify''
|
||
the keyboard. This is not difficult, see the Cyrillic-HOWTO or, better, its
|
||
updated version
|
||
|
||
<verbatim|http://www.inp.nsk.su/<with|font-family|tt|~baldin/Cyrillic-HOWTO-russian/Cyrillic-HOWTO-russian.html>>
|
||
|
||
Also, all of the above methods globally affect all X applications: text
|
||
editors (emacs, nedit, kedit...), xterms, <TeXmacs> etc.
|
||
|
||
If you need to type Russian only once, or very rarely, a proper keyboard
|
||
setup may be more trouble than it's worth. For the benefit of such
|
||
occasional users, <TeXmacs> has methods of Russian input which require no
|
||
preliminary work. Naturally, such methods affect only <TeXmacs>, and no
|
||
other application.
|
||
|
||
The simplest way to type some Russian on the standard US-style keyboard
|
||
with no software setup is to select <menu|Edit|Preferences|Keyboard|Cyrillic
|
||
input method|translit>. Then, typing a Latin letter will produce ``the most
|
||
similar'' Russian one. In order to get some Russian letters, you have to
|
||
type 2- or 3-letter combinations:<vspace|0.5fn>
|
||
|
||
<big-table|<descriptive-table|<tformat|<cwith|2|11|1|1|cell-halign|l>|<cwith|2|11|2|2|cell-halign|l>|<cwith|2|11|2|2|cell-halign|c>|<cwith|2|11|4|4|cell-halign|l>|<cwith|2|11|4|4|cell-halign|c>|<table|<row|<cell|Shorthand>|<cell|for>|<cell|Shorthand(s)>|<cell|for>>|<row|<cell|<key|text
|
||
" e>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|accent:umlaut
|
||
E>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|y
|
||
o>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|Y o> <key|Y
|
||
O>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|z
|
||
h>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|Z h> <key|Z
|
||
H>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|j
|
||
var>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|J
|
||
var>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|c
|
||
h>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|C h> <key|C
|
||
H>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|s
|
||
h>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|S h> <key|S
|
||
H>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|s c
|
||
h>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|S c h> <key|S
|
||
C H>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|e
|
||
var>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|E
|
||
var>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|y
|
||
u>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|Y u> <key|Y
|
||
U>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>|<row|<cell|<key|y
|
||
a>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>|<cell|<key|Y a> <key|Y
|
||
A>>|<cell|<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>>>>>>|Typing Cyrillic text
|
||
on a Roman keyboard.>
|
||
|
||
If you want to get, e.g., ``<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>'', and
|
||
not ``<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD>>'', you have to type <key|s /
|
||
h>. Of course, the choice of ``optimal'' mapping of Latin letters to
|
||
Russian ones in not unique. You can investigate the mapping supplied with
|
||
<TeXmacs> and, if you don't like something, override it in your
|
||
<with|font-family|tt|~/.TeXmacs/progs/my-init-texmacs.scm>.
|
||
|
||
If you select jcuken instead of translit, you get the ``official'' Russian
|
||
typewriter layout. It is so called because the keys ``qwerty'' produce
|
||
``<with|language|russian|<with|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>''. This input method
|
||
is most useful> when you have a Russian-made keyboard, which has additional
|
||
Russian letters written on the key caps in red, in the jcuken layout (a
|
||
similar effect can be achieved by attaching transparent stickers with red
|
||
Russian letters to caps of a US-style keyboard). It is also useful if you
|
||
are an experienced Russian typist, and your fingers remember this layout.
|
||
|
||
Those who have no Russian letters indicated at the key caps often prefer
|
||
the yawerty layout, where the keys ``qwerty'' produce
|
||
``<with|language|russian|font|cyrillic|<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>''. Each Latin letter is
|
||
mapped into a ``similar'' Russian one; some additional Russian letters are
|
||
produced by ><prefix|S->-digits. <TeXmacs> comes with a slightly modified
|
||
yawerty layout, because it does not redefine the keys <key|$>,
|
||
<render-key|<EFBFBD>>, <key|\\>, which are important for <TeXmacs>, are not
|
||
redefined. The corresponding Russian letters are produced by some
|
||
<prefix|S->-digit combinations instead.
|
||
|
||
<tmdoc-copyright|1998--2002|Joris van der Hoeven>
|
||
|
||
<tmdoc-license|Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
|
||
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
|
||
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
|
||
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
|
||
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
|
||
Documentation License".>
|
||
</body>
|
||
|
||
<\initial>
|
||
<\collection>
|
||
<associate|language|english>
|
||
</collection>
|
||
</initial> |