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Update technical documentation of environment variables which control the font

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Joris van der Hoeven 2014-06-09 19:45:52 +00:00
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devel/format/environment/env-font.en.tm
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<TeXmacs|1.0.3.10>
<TeXmacs|1.99.1>
<style|tmdoc>
@ -6,26 +6,23 @@
<tmdoc-title|Specifying the current font>
In this section, we describe the environment variables which control the
rendering of fonts. Several parameters may be defined independently for
each mode (the font name, variant, series and shape), whereas other
parameters are uniform for all modes. Font properties may be controlled
globally for the whole document in <menu|Document|Font> and locally for
document fragments in <menu|Format|Font>.
rendering of fonts. Font properties may be controlled globally for the
whole document in <menu|Document|Font> and locally for document fragments
in <menu|Format|Font>.
From an abstract point of view, a <em|font> is defined to be a graphically
consistent way of rendering strings. Fonts are usually made up from glyphs
like ``x'', ``ffi'', ``<with|mode|math|\<alpha\>>'',
``<with|mode|math|<op|<big|sum>><big|.>>'', <abbr|etc.> When rendering a
string, the string is decomposed into glyphs so as to take into account
ligatures (like fi, fl, ff, ffi, ffl). Next, the individual glyphs are
positioned while taking into account kerning information (in ``xo'' the
``o'' character is slightly shifted to the left so as to take profit out of
the hole in the ``x''). In the case of mathematical fonts, <TeXmacs> also
provides a coherent rendering for resizable characters, like the large
brackets in
like ``x'', ``ffi'', ``<math|\<alpha\>>'', ``<math|<op|<big|sum>>>'',
<abbr|etc.> When rendering a string, the string is decomposed into glyphs
so as to take into account ligatures (like fi, fl, ff, ffi, ffl). Next, the
individual glyphs are positioned while taking into account kerning
information (in ``xo'' the ``o'' character is slightly shifted to the left
so as to take profit out of the hole in the ``x''). In the case of
mathematical fonts, <TeXmacs> also provides a coherent rendering for
resizable characters, like the large brackets in
<\equation*>
<left|(|0><left|(|1><left|(|2><right|)|2><right|)|1><right|)|0>.
<around*|(|<around*|(|<around*|(||)><rsup|<rsup|\<nosymbol\>>>|)><rsup|<rsup|<rsup|\<nosymbol\>>>>|)>.
</equation*>
Similarly, a <em|font family> is a family of fonts with different
@ -37,20 +34,19 @@
<with|font|avant-garde|Avant Garde> font do not.
<\remark>
For the future, it is planned to replace the font variant and font shape
variables by a larger range of properties to individually control the
slant, serifs, small-caps, and so on. It is also planned to
systematically use Unicode fonts with possible additional glyphs for
mathematics. This should automatically enable the use of Cyrillic
characters inside Russian text and similarly for other languages.
In versions of <TeXmacs> prior to 1.99.1, the fonts for the mathematical
and programming modes could be controlled independently using the
environment variables <src-var|math-font>, <src-var|math-font-family>,
<src-var|math-font-series>, <src-var|math-font-shape>,
<src-var|prog-font>, <src-var|prog-font-family>,
<src-var|prog-font-series>, <src-var|prog-font-shape>. In more recent
versions of <TeXmacs>, the environment variables <src-var|font>,
<src-var|font-family>, <src-var|font-series> and <src-var|font-shape>
directly control the font for all modes.
</remark>
<\explain>
<var-val|font|roman>
<var-val|math-font|roman>
<var-val|prog-font|roman><explain-synopsis|font name>
<var-val|font|roman><explain-synopsis|font name>
<|explain>
These variables control the main name of the font, also called the
<em|font family>. For instance:
@ -63,22 +59,28 @@
Similarly, <TeXmacs> supports various mathematical fonts:
<\tm-fragment>
Roman: <with|mode|math|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>
Roman: <math|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>
Adobe: <with|mode|math|<with|math-font|adobe|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
Adobe: <math|<with|math-font|adobe|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
New roman: <with|mode|math|<with|math-font|ENR|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
New roman: <math|<with|math-font|ENR|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
Concrete: <with|mode|math|<with|math-font|concrete|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
Concrete: <math|<with|math-font|concrete|a<rsup|2>+b<rsup|2>=c<rsup|2>>>
</tm-fragment>
Most fonts only implement a subset of all Unicode glyphs. Sometimes, the
user might wish to combine several fonts to cover a larger subset. For
instance, when specifying <verbatim|roman,IPAMincho> or
<verbatim|cjk=IPAMincho,roman> as the <src-var|font> name, ordinary text
and mathematics will be typeset using the default <verbatim|roman> font,
whereas Chinese text will use the <verbatim|IPAMincho> font. Similarly,
when specifying <verbatim|math=Stix,roman> as the <src-var|font> name,
ordinary text will be typeset using the default <verbatim|roman> font,
but mathematical formulas using the <verbatim|Stix> font.
</explain>
<\explain>
<var-val|font-family|rm>
<var-val|math-font-family|mr>
<var-val|prog-font-family|tt><explain-synopsis|font variant>
<var-val|font-family|rm><explain-synopsis|font variant>
<|explain>
This variable selects a variant of the major font, like a sans serif
font, a typewriter font, and so on. As explained above, variants of a
@ -93,29 +95,14 @@
<\tm-fragment>
roman, <with|font-family|tt|typewriter> and <with|font-family|ss|sans
serif>
</tm-fragment>
In maths mode, a distinction is made between the mathematical variants
<verbatim|mr> (roman), <verbatim|mt> (typewriter) and <verbatim|ms> (sans
serif) and textual variants <verbatim|rm> (roman), <verbatim|bf> (bold),
etc. In the first case, variables and operators are usually rendered in a
different slant, contrary to the second case:
<\tm-fragment>
<verbatim|ms>: <with|mode|math|<with|math-font-family|ms|sin (x+y)=sin
x*cos y+cos x*sin y>>
<verbatim|ss>: <with|mode|math|<with|math-font-family|ss|sin (x+y)=sin
x*cos y+cos x*sin y>>
Sans serif formula: <with|font-family|ss|<math|sin
<around*|(|x+y|)>=sin x*cos y+cos x*sin y>>
</tm-fragment>
</explain>
<\explain>
<var-val|font-series|medium>
<var-val|math-font-series|medium>
<var-val|prog-font-series|medium><explain-synopsis|font weight>
<var-val|font-series|medium><explain-synopsis|font weight>
<|explain>
The font series determines the weight of the font. Most fonts only
provide <verbatim|regular> and <verbatim|bold> font weights. Some fonts
@ -127,11 +114,7 @@
</explain>
<\explain>
<var-val|font-shape|right>
<var-val|math-font-shape|normal>
<var-val|prog-font-shape|right><explain-synopsis|font shape>
<var-val|font-shape|right><explain-synopsis|font shape>
<|explain>
The font shape determines other characters of a font, like its slant,
whether we use small capitals, whether it is condensed, and so on. For
@ -152,12 +135,12 @@
<label|font-base-size><var-val|font-base-size|10><explain-synopsis|font
base size>
<|explain>
The base font size is specified in <hyper-link|<verbatim|pt>
The base font size is specified in <hlink|<verbatim|pt>
units|../basics/lengths.en.tm> and is usually invariant throughout the
document. Usually, the base font size is <verbatim|9pt>, <verbatim|10pt>,
<verbatim|11pt> or <verbatim|12pt>. Other font sizes are usually obtained
by changing the <hyper-link|<src-var|magnification>|env-general.en.tm#magnification>
or the relative <hyper-link|font-size|#font-size>.
by changing the <hlink|<src-var|magnification>|env-general.en.tm#magnification>
or the relative <hlink|font-size|#font-size>.
<\tm-fragment>
<with|font-base-size|9|9pt>, <with|font-base-size|10|10pt>,
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huge>>|<cell|2>>>>>|Standard font sizes.>
From a mathematical point of view, the multipliers are in a geometric
progression with factor <no-break><with|mode|math|<sqrt|2|4>>. Notice
that the font size is also affected by the <hyper-link|index
progression with factor <no-break><math|<sqrt|2|4>>. Notice that the font
size is also affected by the <hlink|index
level|env-math.en.tm#math-level>.
</explain>