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-<TeXmacs|1.0.4.7>
-
-<style|tmdoc>
-
-<\body>
-  <doc-data|<doc-title|<TeXmacs>--maxima interface>>
-
-  In this tutorial, we shall discuss how to use the free Computer Algebra
-  System (CAS) maxima from <TeXmacs>. It should be valid for <TeXmacs>-1.0.5
-  and maxima-5.9.2.
-
-  Let's start <TeXmacs>. We shall use the package <tmpackage|varsession>:
-
-  <postscript|c0.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  This is not strictly necessary, but interactive sessions look nicer with
-  it. We shall also use <menu|Automatically close brackets>:
-
-  <postscript|c1.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Now we shall start one of the versions of maxima installed:
-
-  <postscript|c2.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Also we shall tick <menu|Mathematical input>:
-
-  <postscript|c3.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  If you click the icon looking like ``?'' on the toolbar, <TeXmacs> will
-  show the maxima manual:
-
-  <postscript|c4.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  It is convenient to clone the window:
-
-  <postscript|c5.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Then, in one of the windows you return to the buffer which contains the
-  maxima session (in this case, this buffer is called <menu|no name>):
-
-  <postscript|c6.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  In the other window, you can read the manual. Blue texts are hyperlink;
-  clicking them displays the corresponding sections of the manual.
-
-  Everything is ready for doing calculations. Usual methematical notations
-  can be used for input expressions to a large extent. Don't forget to use
-  <key|*> for multiplication; it is not visible, just produces a little
-  space. Powers are produced using the toolbar or <key|^>; fractions -- by
-  the toolbar or <shortcut|(make-fraction)>; square roots -- by the toolbar or <shortcut|(make-sqrt)>;
-  large (automatically resizable) brackets -- by <shortcut|(make-bracket-open "(" ")" #t)> (note that with
-  our settings this produces both the opening bracket and the closing one,
-  and the cursor is left between them). You can use greek letters. For
-  example, <with|mode|math|\<alpha\>> can be produced via the toolbar, by
-  <key|H-a> (see help for the meaning of the modifier hyper), or by <key|a
-  tab>. <with|mode|math|\<Gamma\>> means the
-  <with|mode|math|\<Gamma\>>-function; <with|mode|math|\<pi\>> means ... what
-  would you think? ... <with|mode|math|\<pi\>>; <with|mode|math|\<gamma\>>
-  means the Euler constant; <with|mode|math|\<zeta\>> means the Riemann
-  <with|mode|math|\<zeta\>>-function.
-
-  <postscript|c7.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  The integral sign is produced via the toolbar or by <key|S-F5 I>. If it has
-  limits, it means a definite integral, otherwise indefinite. Then you write
-  your integrand, then a space, the differential sign (produced by <key|d tab
-  tab>), a space, and your integration variable. The form of the result often
-  depends on parameters; in such cases, maxima asks questions. If you don't
-  want such interactive queries, you can provide the relevant information
-  beforehand.
-
-  <postscript|c8.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  You can select some (part of) an output field with the mouse:
-
-  <postscript|c9.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Then click on an input line, and click with the middle mouse button. The
-  selected expression is inserted. You can edit it and execute.
-
-  <postscript|c10.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  It is also possible to go to an earlier input line, edit it and press
-  <key|enter>. The old output below this line will be replaced by the new
-  one. This is very useful during the first stage of your work, when you
-  investigate various possible approaches. Using this method too often leads
-  to a spaghetti-like set of input and output lines, which is difficult to
-  understand; it is even difficult to reproduce your calculation later.
-
-  Here are some definite integrals. The base of natural logarithms
-  <with|mode|math|\<mathe\>> is produced via the toolbar or by <key|e tab
-  tab>, and the infinity symbol -- via the toolbar or by <key|@ @>.
-
-  <postscript|c11.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Sums are similar to integrals. In addition to sums with a lower limit and
-  an upper one, maxima understands sums with a lower limit like
-  <with|mode|math|n\<in\>[a,b,c]>, where the symbol <with|mode|math|\<in\>>
-  is produced by <key|\\ i n enter>. Products are also similar. Binomial
-  coefficients are produced by <key|\\ b i n o m enter>. They look like
-  matrices, but differ from them! Therefore, don't try to create them via the
-  toolbar menu for matrices and other kinds of tables.
-
-  <postscript|c12.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Note a subtle point: the integral sign (or the sum or product sign) is
-  considered as a kind of an ``opening bracket'', and there is the
-  corresponding ``closing bracket'', which is invisible, but it shows where
-  your integral ends. You can see it in the <menu|Document|View|Edit source
-  tree> mode as <explain-macro|big\|.>. With out setting of
-  <menu|Edit|Preferences|Keyboard|Automatically close brackets>, it is
-  automatically produced after the integral sign when you input it; if you
-  don't use this mode, you can produce it by <key|\\ b i g tab . enter>.
-
-  <postscript|c13.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Maxima understands matrices and determinants. They are produced via the
-  toolbar. New columns and rows are inserted by <shortcut|(structured-insert-right)>, <shortcut|(structured-insert-left)>,
-  <shortcut|(structured-insert-down)>, <shortcut|(structured-insert-up)>. The imaginary unit <with|mode|math|\<mathi\>> is
-  produced via the toolbar or by <key|i tab tab>.
-
-  <postscript|c14.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  <postscript|c15.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  You can inserted some text explaining an input line. To this end, placing
-  the cursor on this input line, select <menu|Insert text field> from the
-  toolbar menu:
-
-  <postscript|c16.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Naturally, this explanation text can be as long as you need, and it can
-  contain mathematical formulae.
-
-  <postscript|c17.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  And here is a determinant.
-
-  <postscript|c18.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  <postscript|c19.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Maxima can solve equations and systems of equations. It returns the list of
-  solutions.
-
-  <postscript|c20.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Here we define and plot the function <with|mode|math|f(x,y)=<frac|sin(r)|r>>
-  where <with|mode|math|r=<sqrt|x<rsup|2>+y<rsup|2>>>.
-
-  <postscript|c21.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  The plot appears in a separate gnuplot window:
-
-  <postscript|c22.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Here we define a recursive function and trace its execution.
-
-  <postscript|c23.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  You can create a ``sub-session'' within the maxima session. With the cursor
-  on an input line, select <menu|Fold input field> from the toolbar menu:
-
-  <postscript|c24.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  A sub-session appears; you can edit its title:
-
-  <postscript|c25.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  You can work within this sub-session; it has its own current input line.
-
-  <postscript|c26.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  If you dowble-click on the left bar of the sub-session, it gets folded:
-
-  <postscript|c27.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Now only its title is visible. This is convenient for long sub-calculations
-  of your project: you can fold them all, and see only the skeleton of your
-  calculation. Sub-sessions can be nested. You can unfold them by
-  double-clicking once more.
-
-  Finally, we quit maxima:
-
-  <postscript|c28.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  If you give a presentation, it is convenient to select <menu|Remove all
-  output fields> from the toolbar menu:\ 
-
-  <postscript|c29.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  All output lines disappear.
-
-  <postscript|c30.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  It suffices to press <key|enter> on an input line, and maxima will be
-  re-started. The results will be produced in the presence of your audience,
-  just by pressing <key|enter> many times.
-
-  <postscript|c31.png|*5/8|*5/8||||>
-
-  Of course, you can save your work as a .tm file. Next time you start
-  <TeXmacs> to edit this file, just press <key|enter> at the first input line
-  to re-start maxima.
-</body>
-
-<\initial>
-  <\collection>
-    <associate|preamble|false>
-  </collection>
-</initial>